熱電偶的原理和優點
更新時間：2018-10-29
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熱電偶(ou)工作原理(li)：
兩種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同成(cheng)份的導體（稱(cheng)為(wei)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)絲材(cai)或(huo)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極）兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)接合成(cheng)回路，當(dang)接合點的溫(wen)度不(bu)同時，在回路中(zhong)就會產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)現象稱(cheng)為(wei)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效應，而這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)稱(cheng)為(wei)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)。熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)就是利用這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)原理進(jin)行溫(wen)度測(ce)量(liang)的，其中(zhong)，直(zhi)接用作測(ce)量(liang)介質(zhi)溫(wen)度的一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)叫(jiao)做(zuo)工(gong)作端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)（也稱(cheng)為(wei)測(ce)量(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)），另(ling)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)叫(jiao)做(zuo)冷(leng)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)（也稱(cheng)為(wei)補償端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)）；冷(leng)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)與(yu)顯示儀(yi)表(biao)或(huo)配套(tao)儀(yi)表(biao)連接，顯示儀(yi)表(biao)會指出熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)所產(chan)生(sheng)的熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)。
熱(re)電偶優點(dian)
熱電偶(ou)是(shi)工(gong)業上*常用的溫(wen)度檢測元件之一。其(qi)優點(dian)是(shi)：
1.測(ce)量精度高。因熱電偶直接(jie)(jie)與被測(ce)對象接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)，不受中間介質(zhi)的(de)影響。
2.測量(liang)范圍廣。常用的(de)熱(re)電偶(ou)從-50~+1600℃均可(ke)邊續測量(liang)，某(mou)些特殊熱(re)電偶(ou)**可(ke)測到-269℃（如金(jin)鐵鎳鉻(ge)），**可(ke)達+2800℃（如鎢(wu)-錸）。
3.構(gou)造簡單，使用(yong)方(fang)便。熱(re)電偶通常(chang)是(shi)由兩(liang)種不同的(de)金屬絲組成，而(er)且不受(shou)大小和開(kai)頭的(de)限制，外有(you)保護套管，用(yong)起來非常(chang)方(fang)便。
